Compare Norfolk Island (2008) - Nepal (2006)

Compare Norfolk Island (2008) z Nepal (2006)

	Norfolk Island (2008)	Nepal (2006)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of Australia)	14 zones (anchal, singular and plural); Bagmati, Bheri, Dhawalagiri, Gandaki, Janakpur, Karnali, Kosi, Lumbini, Mahakali, Mechi, Narayani, Rapti, Sagarmatha, Seti
Age structure	0-14 years: 20.2% 15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 38.7% (male 5,648,959/female 5,291,447) 15-64 years: 57.6% (male 8,365,526/female 7,925,941) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 513,777/female 541,497) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry	rice, corn, wheat, sugarcane, root crops; milk, water buffalo meat
Airports	1 (2007)	48 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)	total: 10 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 38 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 8 under 914 m: 29 (2006)
Area	total: 34.6 sq km land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 147,181 sq km land: 143,181 sq km water: 4,000 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly larger than Arkansas
Background	Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions.	In 1951, the Nepalese monarch ended the century-old system of rule by hereditary premiers and instituted a cabinet system of government. Reforms in 1990 established a multiparty democracy within the framework of a constitutional monarchy. A Maoist insurgency, launched in 1996, has gained traction and is threatening to bring down the regime, especially after a negotiated cease-fire between the Maoists and government forces broke down in August 2003. In 2001, the crown prince massacred ten members of the royal family, including the king and queen, and then took his own life. In October 2002, the new king dismissed the prime minister and his cabinet for "incompetence" after they dissolved the parliament and were subsequently unable to hold elections because of the ongoing insurgency. While stopping short of reestablishing parliament, the king in June 2004 reinstated the most recently elected prime minister who formed a four-party coalition government. Citing dissatisfaction with the government's lack of progress in addressing the Maoist insurgency and corruption, the king in February 2005 dissolved the government, declared a state of emergency, imprisoned party leaders, and assumed power. The king's government subsequently released party leaders and officially ended the state of emergency in May 2005, but the monarch retained absolute power until April 2006. After nearly three weeks of mass protests organized by the seven-party opposition and the Maoists, the king allowed parliament to reconvene on 28 April 2006.
Birth rate	NA	30.98 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	revenues: $4.6 million expenditures: $4.8 million (FY99/00)	revenues: $1.153 billion expenditures: $1.789 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (FY05/06)
Capital	name: Kingston geographic coordinates: 29 03 S, 167 58 E time difference: UTC+11.5 (16.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	name: Kathmandu geographic coordinates: 27 43 N, 85 19 E time difference: UTC+5.75 (10.75 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation	varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south
Coastline	32 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	Norfolk Island Act of 1979, as amended in 2005	9 November 1990
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island conventional short form: Norfolk Island	conventional long and short form: Nepal local long and short form: Nepal
Death rate	NA	9.31 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$3.34 billion (March 2005)
Dependency status	self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Attorney-General's Department	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	chief of mission: Ambassador James F. MORIARTY embassy: Panipokhari, Kathmandu mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [977] (1) 411-1179 FAX: [977] (1) 441-9963
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant) chancery: 2131 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 667-4550 FAX: [1] (202) 667-5534 consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international	none	joint border commission continues to work on small disputed sections of boundary with India; India has instituted a stricter border regime to restrict transit of Maoist insurgents and illegal cross-border activities
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	$424 million (FY00/01)
Economy - overview	Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs.	Nepal is among the poorest and least developed countries in the world with almost one-third of its population living below the poverty line. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, providing a livelihood for three-fourths of the population and accounting for 38% of GDP. Industrial activity mainly involves the processing of agricultural produce including jute, sugarcane, tobacco, and grain. Security concerns relating to the Maoist conflict have led to a decrease in tourism, a key source of foreign exchange. Nepal has considerable scope for exploiting its potential in hydropower and tourism, areas of recent foreign investment interest. Prospects for foreign trade or investment in other sectors will remain poor, however, because of the small size of the economy, its technological backwardness, its remoteness, its landlocked geographic location, its civil strife, and its susceptibility to natural disaster.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	1.85 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	-	111 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	-	241 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	NA kWh	2.565 billion kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Bates 319 m	lowest point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m
Environment - current issues	NA	deforestation (overuse of wood for fuel and lack of alternatives); contaminated water (with human and animal wastes, agricultural runoff, and industrial effluents); wildlife conservation; vehicular emissions
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
Ethnic groups	descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesian	Chhettri 15.5%, Brahman-Hill 12.5%, Magar 7%, Tharu 6.6%, Tamang 5.5%, Newar 5.4%, Muslim 4.2%, Kami 3.9%, Yadav 3.9%, other 32.7%, unspecified 2.8% (2001 census)
Exchange rates	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003)	Nepalese rupees per US dollar - 71.368 (2005), 73.674 (2004), 76.141 (2003), 77.877 (2002), 74.949 (2001)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia	chief of state: King GYANENDRA Bir Bikram Shah (since 4 June 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Girija Prasad KOIRALA (since 30 April 2006); Deputy Prime Ministers Khadga Prasad OLI (since 2 May 2006) and Amik SHERCHAN since June 2006) cabinet: Cabinet historically appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; note - the prime minister selected the Cabinet in May 2006 in consultation with the political parties elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; note - following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition historically has been appointed prime minister by the monarch
Exports	$1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92)	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados	carpets, clothing, leather goods, jute goods, grain
Exports - partners	Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe (2006)	India 53.7%, US 17.4%, Germany 7.1% (2005)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	16 July - 15 July
Flag description	three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band	red with a blue border around the unique shape of two overlapping right triangles; the smaller, upper triangle bears a white stylized moon and the larger, lower triangle bears a white 12-pointed sun
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 38% industry: 21% services: 41% (2005 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	2.7% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	29 02 S, 167 57 E	28 00 N, 84 00 E
Geography - note	most of the 32 km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated	landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks, including Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga - the world's tallest and third tallest - on the borders with China and India respectively
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: 2.6% highest 10%: 39.1% (2003-2004)
Illicit drugs	-	illicit producer of cannabis and hashish for the domestic and international drug markets; transit point for opiates from Southeast Asia to the West
Imports	$17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92)	11,760 bbl/day NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	NA	gold, machinery and equipment, petroleum products, fertilizer
Imports - partners	Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe (2006)	India 47.5%, UAE 11.2%, China 10.7%, Saudi Arabia 4.9%, Kuwait 4.1% (2005)
Independence	none (territory of Australia)	1768 (unified by Prithvi Narayan Shah)
Industrial production growth rate	-	3.8% (FY04/05)
Industries	tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete	tourism, carpet, textile; small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed mills; cigarettes, cement and brick production
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 65.32 deaths/1,000 live births male: 63.56 deaths/1,000 live births female: 67.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	7.8% (October 2005 est.)
International organization participation	UPU	AsDB, BIMSTEC, CP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM, ONUB, OPCW, SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land	NA	11,700 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions	Supreme Court or Sarbochha Adalat (chief justice is appointed by the monarch on recommendation of the Constitutional Council; the other judges are appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the Judicial Council)
Labor force	NA	10.4 million note: severe lack of skilled labor (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 10% industry and services: 90%	agriculture: 76% industry: 6% services: 18%
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 2,926 km border countries: China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 16.07% permanent crops: 0.85% other: 83.08% (2005)
Languages	English (official), Norfolk - a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian	Nepali 47.8%, Maithali 12.1%, Bhojpuri 7.4%, Tharu (Dagaura/Rana) 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.6%, Magar 3.3%, Awadhi 2.4%, other 10%, unspecified 2.5% (2001 census) note: many in government and business also speak English
Legal system	based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law	based on Hindu legal concepts and English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties)	bicameral Parliament consists of the National Council (60 seats; 35 appointed by the House of Representatives, 10 by the king, and 15 elected by an electoral college; one-third of the members elected every two years to serve six-year terms) and the House of Representatives (205 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held in May 1999; note - Parliament was dissolved in May 2002 but was finally reconvened in April 2006 with most of the members that were elected in 1999 election results: House of Representatives (for 1999 parliament) - percent of vote by party - NC 37.3%, CPN/UML 31.6%, NDP (RPP) 10.4%, NSP 3.2%, Rastriya Jana Morcha 1.4%, Samyukta Janmorcha Nepal 0.8%, NWPP 0.5%, others 14.8%; seats by party - NC 113, CPN/UML 69, NDP 11, NSP 5, Rastriya Jana Morcha 5, Samyukta Janmorcha Nepal 1, NWPP 1; note - NC, NSP, and NDP have since each split into two parties
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 60.18 years male: 60.43 years female: 59.91 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 48.6% male: 62.7% female: 34.9% (2000-2004 est.)
Location	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia	Southern Asia, between China and India
Map references	Oceania	Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	none (landlocked)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia	-
Military branches	-	Royal Nepalese Army (includes Royal Nepalese Army Air Service); Nepalese Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$104.9 million (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	1.5% (2005 est.)
National holiday	Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856)	Birthday of King GYANENDRA, 7 July (1946)
Nationality	noun: Norfolk Islander(s) adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)	noun: Nepalese (singular and plural) adjective: Nepalese
Natural hazards	typhoons (especially May to July)	severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides, drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons
Natural resources	fish	quartz, water, timber, hydropower, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore
Net migration rate	NA	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none	Communist Party of Nepal/United Marxist-Leninist or CPN/UML [Madhav Kumar NEPAL, general secretary]; National Democratic Party or NDP (also called Rastriya Prajantra Party or RPP) [Pashupati Shumsher RANA, chairman]; Nepali Congress-Democratic [Sher Bahadur DEUBA, president]; Nepali Congress or NC [Girija Prasad KOIRALA, party president, Sushil KOIRALA, vice president]; Nepal Sadbhavana (Goodwill) Party or NSP - Mandal [Bhadri Prasad MANDAL, party president]; Nepal Sadbhavana Party - Ananda Devi [Ananda DEVI, president]; Nepal Workers and Peasants Party or NWPP [Narayan Man BIJUKCHHE, party chairman]; People's Front Nepal (Rastriya Jana Morcha) [Amik SHERCHAN, chairman]; Rastriya Janashakti Party or RJP [Surya Bahadur THAPA, chairman]; note - split from RPP in March 2005; Samyukta Janmorcha Nepal [leader NA]; note - merged with People's Front Nepal or PFN in 2002
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	Maoist guerrilla-based insurgency [Pushpa Kamal DAHAL, also known as PRACHANDA, chairman; Dr. Baburam BHATTARAI]; numerous small, left-leaning student groups in the capital; several small, radical Nepalese antimonarchist groups
Population	2,114 (July 2007 est.)	28,287,147 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	31% (2003-2004)
Population growth rate	0.006% (2007 est.)	2.17% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)	AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (January 2000)
Railways	-	total: 59 km narrow gauge: 59 km 0.762-m gauge (2005)
Religions	Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.2%, none 18.1% (2001 census)	Hindu 80.6%, Buddhist 10.7%, Muslim 4.2%, Kirant 3.6%, other 0.9% (2001 census) note: only official Hindu state in the world
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: free local calls international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia and New Zealand; satellite earth station	general assessment: poor telephone and telegraph service; fair radiotelephone communication service and mobile cellular telephone network domestic: NA international: country code - 977; radiotelephone communications; microwave landline to India; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004)	448,600 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0; note - proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum (2002)	248,800 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	1 (local programming station plus 2 repeaters that air Australian programs by satellite) (2005)	1 (plus 9 repeaters) (1998)
Terrain	volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains	Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north
Total fertility rate	NA	4.1 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	42% (2004 est.)

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